Sciatic is a term that describes the pain and other symptoms that occur when the sciatic nerve is compressed. The pain, as well as numbness and tingling in some cases, is felt in the low back, buttock, and down the back of the leg. This kind of pain, called neuropathic pain, can be highly uncomfortable and can interfere significantly with activities. The good news is that a physical therapist can help cure sciatica! Sciatica physical therapists aim to address the root cause of the pain and to help you establish routines and body mechanics that will prevent the sciatic nerve pain from returning. 

How is Sciatica Diagnosed?

Pain and paresthesias (numbness and tingling) in the low back, buttock, and down the back of the leg, sometimes all the way to the ankle can indicate sciatic nerve pain, but it is important to rule out other potential causes of your symptoms. Before starting treatment, your physical therapist will ask a series of questions and perform tests to confirm the cause of your symptoms. Once the therapist has confidently determined the root cause, they will develop a plan to efficiently address the problem and you will be well on your way to eliminating your sciatic nerve pain. 

Common Causes of Sciatica

Sciatica can be caused by compression of the sciatic nerve close to the spine. It can also be compressed by a very tight piriformis muscle, or various other tight muscular and fascial structures. Postural problems or poor body mechanics while sitting or standing at work can create tightness that impacts the sciatic nerve. Problems in the lower back such as tightness, disc herniation, or degeneration can also cause symptoms that mimic sciatica, so it is important to have a therapist evaluate you to decide on the correct course of treatment. 

How a Physical Therapist Can Help Sciatic Nerve Pain

A sciatica physical therapist is a great way to decrease pain and get back to your normal activities. Some things your therapist may use to decrease your sciatic nerve pain include modification of your posture and body mechanics, stretching of the nerve and the muscles around it, and massage of the affected muscles. Stretches for sciatica aim to improve the mobility of the nerve and reduce symptoms of compression. Strengthening and aerobic exercise may also help reduce your sciatic nerve pain!